How a Capacitor Fan Works
A capacitor is an electronic component that is also known as a condenser. Capacitors have a pair of conductors, separated by a dielectric. Conductors are pieces of material, such as any type of metal, that conduct electricity well. A dielectric is a piece of material that does not conduct electricity, such as paper, plastic or ceramic. When a charge passes between the conductors, it creates an electrical field in the dielectric. The dielectric can store energy within this field and use it to boost power supplied to a motor.
Capacitors absorb excess power, storing it in the electrical field in the dielectric between the conductors. They use this ability, and the stored power that results, to help the engine maintain a consistent power level. When the energy output of the engine exceeds the correct level, the capacitor absorbs it and stores it. When the energy level drops, the capacitor supplements the power with the stored power in the dielectric. This power regulation cycle ensures a smooth and even output from the engine.
The process of removing excess energy when output is too high, and adding stored output drops, creates heat in the capacitor. Excessive heat is a common problem for capacitors. Lack of efficient cooling methods can affect the life expectancy of a capacitor, as well as its performance. It is critical to have a heat-control method in place, in order for the capacitor to operate to capacity.
One method of ensuring a cool internal temperature for a capacitor is a capacitor fan. These fans are positioned near a bank of capacitors, which are typically situated with as much open air as possible around them. The open air assists in ensuring a cooler temperature for the capacitors. Capacitor fans augment the cooling effects of open air, by blowing additional air across the capacitors. This lowers the air temperature and improves the capacitor's ability to function.
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